察爾斯大夫 美麗殿堂 Dr. Charles Meridien Palace

Muse cell（Multi-lineage differentiating Stress Enduring cell）

Muse cell（Multi-lineage differentiating Stress Enduring cell）is a newly discovered non-tumorigenic pluripotent Stem cell.

Muse cells reside in mesenchymal tissues such as Bone marrow, Dermis and Adipose tissue as well as in commercially obtainable mesenchymal cells（human fibroblasts and bone marrow）. Muse cells can be obtained from：Bone marrow aspirate、Adipose tissue and liposuction、Dermis、Commercially available culture cells such as：Bone marrow-derived mesenchymal stem cells、Fibroblasts、Adipose-derived stem cells.

Muse cells are able to generate cells representative of all three germ layers from a single cell both spontaneously and under cytokine induction.

Muse cells do not undergo teratoma formation when transplanted into a host environment in vivo. This can be explained in part by their intrinsically low telomerase activity, eradicating the risk of tumorigenesis through unbridled cell proliferation.

Muse cell

• Pluripotent stem cells, which can generate various kinds of the cells representative of all three germ layers have the ability to self-renew.

• Non-tumorigenic.

• Exhibit Tissue repair effect when supplied to the blood stream.

• Can be collected from Bone marrow, Dermis, Adipose tissue and commercially available Fibroblasts.

• Comprise ~0.03% of bone marrow transplantation and several % of mesenchymal stem cell transplantation.

• Can be isolated as cells positive for SSEA-3, a well known human embryonic stem cell marker.

• Pluripotent stem cells can be directly obtained from normal human mesenchymal tissues without using artificial manipulations such as gene introduction.

Muse cells are identified as cells which

• are positive for SSEA-3+, a well-known marker for undifferentiated human ES cells. Cell isolation by SSEA-3 cell sorting can be done using SSEA-3 antibody.

• are positive for general mesenchymal stem cell markers such as CD105, CD90 and CD29.

• are double positive for Pluripotent and Mesenchymal stem cell markers.

• do not express CD34（hematopoietic and adipose stem cell markers）and CD117（hematopoietic stem cells markers）, Snai1 and Slug（skin-derived precursors markers）, CD271 and Sox10（neural crest-derived stem cells markers）, NG2 and CD146（perivascular cells）or CD31 and von Willebrand factor（endothelial progenitor markers）. This indicates that Muse cells do not belong to previously investigated stem cell types.

Muse cell in regenerative medicine

• Bone marrow transplantation：Muse cells are a subpopulation of bone marrow cells. They represent a small population of mono-nucleated bone marrow cells（～0.03%）. This means that they have already been supplied to patients many times all over the world in bone marrow transplantations; a well-known procedure that has been performed in clinics since 1958.

• Mesenchymal stem cell transplantation：Muse cells exist within cultured MSCs such as bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells and adipose-derived stem cells. MSC transplantation has been employed for repairing liver, heart, neural tissue, airway, skin, skeletal muscle, and intestine. Therefore, if Muse cells were purified or enriched, the effectiveness of currently performed MSC transplantation is expected to see vast improvements.

• Because Muse cells do not form teratomas in vivo, they could provide an ideal source of Pluripotent stem cells for Regenerative medicine and Cell-based therapy.